The parts of electrical circuit

The most basic are:

Switch

A switch is a simpler part of electrical circuit which closes and opens the contacts.

When the switch is closed electrical circuit works. When the switch is opened electrical circuit doesn't work. How the switch works?

Resistor

a resisitor has definite electrical resistance. With a resistor you can put the necessary resistance in the selected section of the electrical circuit.How the resistor works?

Lamp

A lamp is a load in an electrical circuit. The lamp has its resistance. Thanks to the resistance, the filament of the lamp heats up and glows (according to Joule-Lenz law). How the lamp works?

Diode

The diode is a electronical part which transmits electric current only in one direction.

A diode has two contacts. The name of the first contact is the anode. The name of the other contact is the cathode. input of electric current at the anode and output from the cathode. How the diode works?

Electrical fuse

An electric fuse is an element that opens an electrical circuit in the event of a strong electric current passing through a fuse. The magnitude of the electric current is specified for each fuse.

The fuse has a wire made of a special metal that melts from the heat generated in it due to the passage of electric current (according to Joule-Lenz law).

This videos will help you understand how an electric fuse works.

Zener diode

A zener diode is a diode that can conduct electricity in another direction when the voltage is high enough to pass.

If we have a zener diode with a breakdown voltage, such as 12 volts, the zener diode can conduct a voltage of 12 volts in the other direction.

With this videos you can anderstend better how the zener diode works.

Transistor

A transistor is an electrical element that can conduct an electric current when there is a logic electrical signal at its contacts. There are many types of transistors.

There are three contacts of transistor. An emitter is a current input that needs to be controlled. On the base contact is a logig signal input. And from the collector is the output current that must be controlled.When we apply a logic signal to the base, the transistor switch opens and the circuit closes. The transisitor is useful in the circuits of direct current. To control the high pover electrical current we should create a logig electrical pulse on the base contact and the electrical circit will be closed. How transistors work?.

Relay

A relay is an electrical element that consists of an electric magnet and two contacts. When the electric current is in the coil of the electric magnet, the second contact is connected to the first and the electric circuit is closed.

The relay is very useful because it can conduct alternating current, but it consumes a large electric current due to the operation of the electromagnet. How the relay works?

Capacitor

A capacitor is an electrical part that can collect electrical energy and give it away very quickly. A capacitor is a very useful electrical element in various electrical circuits. The capacitor consists of two plates and a dielectric layer between them.

If you connect the contacts of the capacitor with the contacts of the origin of the electric current, the capacitor collects the electric charge. If you connect the contacts of a charged capacitor to a load, it will very quickly give the load its charge with a large electric current. How the capacitor works?

Inductor

An inductor is a simple coil with or without a core. The inductor can create an electromagnetic field around itself. To create an electromagnetic field, he needs electricity.

When an inductor with an electromagnetic field is disconnected from a current source, this electromagnetic field is converted into an electric pulse. The inductor is very useful for interfering with electrical noise and more. How the inductor works?.

Electrical speaker

The speaker is a part of electrical circuit which can create sound signals depending on the frequency of the electrical pulse and its power. To create sound signals using the speaker the current in electrical circuit must be unipolar and pulsed. By controlling the pulse parameters (frequency, duty cycle, voltage), you can create sound signals of different volume, key and period.

Electrical speaker is a simple coil which is on the magnet. When in the coil is the electrical current, coil creates a mechanical movement that is transmitted to the diaphragm, the diaphragm propagates the sound signal. How the speaker works?.

Transformer

The transformer is a part of electrical current which can transform characteristics of electrical current which flows in a circle. It works on the principles of electromagnetism and electrical induction.

The transformer has two coils on the core, through which electric current flows .. If the primary coil has more turns than the secondary - the output voltage becomes lower and the current is greater. If the primary coil has fewer turns than the secondary, the output current decreases and the voltage increases. The current in the coils must be alternating or unipolar but pulsed. How the transformer works?.

It wasn't all tipes of electrical parts, but it was the most basic of electrical elements.