One brain guide

Electromagnetism is a branch of physics involving the study of the electromagnetic force, a type of physical interaction that occurs between electrically charged particles. The electromagnetic force is carried by electromagnetic fields composed of electric fields and magnetic fields, and it is responsible for electromagnetic radiation such as light. It is one of the four fundamental interactions (commonly called forces) in nature, together with the strong interaction, the weak interaction, and gravitation. At high energy, the weak force and electromagnetic force are unified as a single electroweak force.

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Electromagnetism is a big part of physics, but we need to know that electromagnetism is very useful in electrodynamics and electrical engineering. With the help of electric current and a simple coil, we can create an electromagnet that can attract metal objects. The greater the current, the greater the magnetic properties of the core. This property is used in many fields of electrical engineering.

This video will help you understand how electromagnets work.

Where electromagnets are used?

Simple electromagnets

Electric motors

Electromagnets are very useful in work of electric motors. They aren't t very heavy and they are easy to install and manage. They are electromagnets in stepper mototors and many tipes of motors too.

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Relay

An electromagnet is used in relay work. It closed the electrical circuit when the electromagnet attracts the second contact to the first.

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This site has an explanation of the electronic components.

The big electromagnets

The big electomagnets are useful in building or metal sorting.

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It is very comfortable variant for metal sorting because you can control of the magnet with electrical current.

Electromagnets are very useful nowadays and they are used in many industries.

Solenoids

Solenoid is a type of electromagnet formed by a helical coil of wire whose length is substantially greater than its diameter, which generates a controlled magnetic field. The coil can produce a uniform magnetic field in a volume of space when an electric current is passed through it.

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Solenoids have many uses, but there are the most basic.

This video can help you understand how a solenoid works.

Solenoid motor

They can be used in the design of solenoid motors.

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Electromagnetic motors have many configuration options, but they are not very useful because they have low efficiency.

Solenoid locks

Solenoids are also used in electric locks. This is a good option when you need to control state of the castle by electric current. With Arduino you can control a work of solenoid.

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Solenoid valve

Electronic magnets are used in the design of the solenoid valve. When an electric current passes through the solenoid coil, the valve opens. If there is no electric current in the coil, the valve is closed.

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Solenoid valve is good variant for controlling supply of gas or liquid with electric current.How solenoid valve works?

These were not all versions of electromagnets, but they were the most basic types. There are some disadvantages of electromagnets. For example,a lot of heat is released during their operation, but It is used in heating metals.